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目的了解玉环县妇女对子宫肌瘤的认知度并分析其相关危险因素。方法选取2010年1月-2014年6月来本中心体检的20~59岁已婚妇女3 318人作为研究对象,进行健康体检和问卷调查,记录各年龄段妇女对子宫肌瘤认知度,并分析其危险因素。结果对子宫肌瘤病因、症状和预防措施的认知度方面,30~39岁年龄组分别为53.06%、60.29%和55.15%,均高于其它年龄组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经单、多因素Logistic回归分析,年龄(OR=2.137,95%CI=1.461~5.874)、流产史(OR=1.071,95%CI=1.016~3.844)、直系亲属恶性肿瘤史(OR=1.014,95%CI=1.005~2.973)和妇科疾病史(OR=1.008,95%CI=1.002~1.863)为影响已婚妇女发生子宫肌瘤的主要危险因素。结论本地区30~39岁已婚妇女对子宫肌瘤的认知度最高,40~59岁认知度最低。年龄偏大、有流产史、直系亲属恶性肿瘤史、妇科疾病史为子宫肌瘤的高危因素,应重点加强大年龄段妇女知识宣教,提高认知度,做好预防。
Objective To understand the awareness of uterine fibroids in Yuhuan women and to analyze the related risk factors. Methods From January 2010 to June 2014, 3 318 married women aged from 20 to 59 were enrolled in this study. The physical examination and questionnaire were conducted to investigate the prevalence of uterine fibroids in women of all ages, And analyze its risk factors. Results In terms of the etiology, symptoms and preventive measures of uterine fibroids, the prevalence of uterine fibroids was 53.06%, 60.29% and 55.15% respectively in the 30-39 age group, which were significantly higher than those in other age groups (P < (OR = 1.071, 95% CI = 1.016 ~ 3.844), the incidence of malignant tumor in immediate family members (OR = 2.137, 95% CI 1.461-5.874) = 1.014, 95% CI = 1.005 ~ 2.973) and the history of gynecological diseases (OR = 1.008,95% CI = 1.002 ~ 1.863) were the main risk factors for the occurrence of uterine fibroids in married women. Conclusion The married women of 30 ~ 39 years old in this area have the highest awareness of uterine fibroids and the lowest awareness of 40 ~ 59 years old. Older age, history of abortion, history of malignant tumor of immediate family members, history of gynecological diseases is a high risk factor for uterine fibroids, should focus on strengthening women’s knowledge and education in large age to improve awareness and prevention.