目的:探讨宫颈鳞状细胞癌和食管鳞状细胞癌同时高发的地区(河南豫北地区)2种肿瘤患者血清中相关蛋白的改变,筛选与2种肿瘤相关的分子标志物。方法:采用弱阳离子交换磁珠(MB-WCX)、基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MAIDI-TOF-MS)仪及配套软件对48例宫颈鳞状细胞癌、38例宫颈上皮内瘤变、44例食管鳞状细胞癌、37例食管黏膜不典型增生患者及50例对照人群的血清样本进行蛋白质谱分析。结果:宫颈(食管)鳞状细胞癌组中有4种共同差异蛋白且表达下调,质荷比为M1865.58、M2104.84、M4070.93、M4209.83;宫颈上皮内瘤变和食管黏膜不典型增生组中有5种共同差异蛋白,质荷比为M2660.10、M4209.83、M2862.82的3个蛋白表达下调,质荷比为M1349.67、M1740.76的2个蛋白表达上调;在人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)16(+)食管鳞状细胞癌与HPV(-)食管鳞状细胞癌组中有16种差异蛋白。且质荷比M4209.83的蛋白为鳞状细胞癌、癌前病变、HPV16(+)/HPV(-)食管鳞状细胞癌组共同的差异蛋白。结论:宫颈(食管)鳞状细胞癌患者血清中有相同的蛋白改变,提示在2者同时高发的地区2种肿瘤存在相似的发病机制。M4290.83可能为HPV16引起的靶蛋白,并且参与了2种肿瘤的发生发展过程。 Objective: To investigate the changes of serum related proteins in two kinds of tumor patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma simultaneously (Henan Henan region), and to screen the molecular markers associated with the two tumors. Methods: 48 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 38 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 30 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 44 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 37 cases of esophageal atypical hyperplasia and 50 cases of control group serum samples were analyzed by protein profile. Results: Four kinds of common differential proteins in cervical (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) group were down-regulated and the mass-to-charge ratios were M1865.58, M2104.84, M4070.93 and M4209.83, respectively. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and esophageal mucosa There were five common proteins in the dysplasia group, with the mass-to-charge ratios of M2660.10, M4209.83 and M2862.82 down-regulated, the mass-to-charge ratios of M1349.67 and M1740.76 were down-regulated There were 16 differential proteins in human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 (+) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and HPV (-) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The protein with mass-to-charge ratio of M4209.83 is a common differential protein in squamous cell carcinoma, precancerous lesions and HPV16 (+) / HPV (-) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The same protein changes in the serum of patients with cervical (esophageal) squamous cell carcinoma suggest that there is a similar mechanism of pathogenesis in the two tumors with high incidence in both regions. M4290.83 may be the target protein of HPV16, and is involved in the development of two kinds of tumors.