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目的借助扫描电镜技术观察血管纹的表面结构,以便对血管纹的结构和功能提供新的信息。方法标本取自尸检3个足月胎儿的6个颞骨,在死后尽可能快速取出耳蜗,经处理后,借助扫描电镜技术观察人胎儿耳蜗血管纹的超微结构。结果借助扫描电镜技术可从耳蜗基底圈到顶圈,上起前庭膜嵴,下到基底膜的基底嵴全面观察血管纹的各个部分,血管纹边缘细胞表面结构呈圆球形,细胞表面有许多微绒毛。螺旋凸部位有一个细胞移行区,这个区域的边缘细胞表面形态明显不同,细胞细长或呈不规则的多角形细胞,细胞边界微绒毛丰富,显出明显的细胞界限,细胞表面分布均匀的微绒毛。血管纹断面的观察还可获得中间细胞、基底细胞和毛细血管结构。结论扫描电镜观察胎儿耳蜗血管纹,可获得整个血管纹全貌的表面精细结构,尤其是边缘细胞的表面形态,通过对血管纹断面的观察还可获得中间细胞、基底细胞的精细结构特征,为认识血管纹的结构和功能提供新的信息。
Objective To observe the surface structure of vascular pattern by scanning electron microscopy in order to provide new information on the structure and function of vascular pattern. Methods The specimens were obtained from 6 temporal bones of 3 full-term fetuses. The cochlea were removed as soon as possible after the death. After treatment, the ultrastructure of human fetal cochlear stria vascularis was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results With scanning electron microscopy, the basilar ridges of the vestibular membrane and the basal crest of the basilar membrane were observed from the basal cochlea to the top of the cochlea. All the sections of the vascular line were observed. The surface structure of the marginal cells of the stria vascularis was spherical with many microvilli . There is a cell transitional region in the spiral convex area. The shape of the cell surface is obviously different at the edge of the area. The cells are slender or irregular polygonal cells. The microvilli are abundant on the border of the cells, showing obvious cell boundaries. Fluff. The observation of vascular pattern also obtained intermediate cells, basal cells and capillary structures. Conclusion Scanning electron microscopy of fetal cochlear stria vascularis can obtain the fine structure of the whole surface of the stria vascularis, especially the morphology of the marginal cells. It is also possible to obtain the fine structure characteristics of the intermediate cells and the basal cells through the observation of the vascular pattern. The structure and function of the veins provide new information.