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目的探讨某高校入学新生乙肝病毒表面抗原(hepatitis B virus surface antigen,HBsAg)阳性的危险因素并分析因素间的交互作用。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取该校919名新生进行问卷调查并采集血样,使用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)定性检测HBsAg。采用检验和非条件Logistic回归模型分析HBsAg阳性的危险因素,应用相加效应模型分析各危险因素间的交互作用。结果所调查的919名新生HBsAg阳性率为10.12%(93/919)。多因素分析结果表明HBsAg阳性的危险因素包括:男性、来自农村、未接种乙肝疫苗、有乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)家族感染史和穿耳洞,其OR值分别为2.838、1.669、2.824、8.555、2.965。其中HBV家族感染史与性别、乙肝疫苗接种史之间存在交互作用,超额相对危险度(relative excess risk of interaction,RERI)分别为17.828和55.675。结论男性、来自农村、未接种乙肝疫苗、有HBV家族感染史和穿耳洞是HBsAg阳性的危险因素,其中HBV家族感染史与性别、疫苗接种史之间存在相加交互作用。
Objective To explore the risk factors for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) positive in freshmen in a university and analyze the interaction between the factors. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 919 freshmen from the school for questionnaire survey and blood samples were collected for the detection of HBsAg using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The risk factors of HBsAg positive were analyzed by using test and unconditional Logistic regression model. The additive effect model was used to analyze the interaction between risk factors. Results The positive rate of HBsAg among 919 newborn students was 10.12% (93/919). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of HBsAg positive were male, rural, unvaccinated hepatitis B, history of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and ear piercing. The odds ratio was 2.838 and 1.669 respectively , 2.824, 8.555, 2.965. Among them, there was an interaction between the history of HBV infection and the history of gender and hepatitis B vaccination. The relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) was 17.828 and 55.675 respectively. Conclusions Men, from rural areas, unvaccinated hepatitis B vaccine, history of hepatitis B virus infection and ear piercing are risk factors for HBsAg positive. There is an additive interaction between history of HBV infection and sex and vaccination history.