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目的了解我国北方农民膳食摄入量,对其膳食能量水平进行评估,为研究制定北方农民能量摄入量标准提供科学依据。方法选择北方地区32名健康农民为受试对象,利用连续14 d的膳食记录,根据双份饭膳食匀浆留样食物成分测定结果计算膳食能量摄入量,评价其膳食结构和能量摄入水平。结果每人日膳食能量摄入量男女性分别为(2 935.29±337.84)千卡和(2 114.79±1 67.00)千卡。早餐提供的能量占全天总能量的30.16%,午餐占37.87%,晚餐占31.97%。蛋白质供能占12.54%,碳水化合物所提供的能量达到74.27%,脂肪供能占13.41%。受试者实验前后体重差异无统计学意义。结论实测膳食一日三餐能量分配较适宜,碳水化合物所提供的能量偏高,脂肪能量偏低,与主食摄入量偏高有关。实验前后受试者体重维持平衡,表明提供的膳食能量水平与食物结构是合理的。结合夏季当地农民的体力活动水平,实测膳食平均能量摄入量低于当前我国成人能量推荐量标准(RNI),说明北方农民RNI值可能存在高估现象。
Objective To understand the dietary intakes of peasants in northern China and evaluate their dietary energy levels to provide a scientific basis for studying the energy intake standards of peasants in northern China. Methods 32 healthy peasants in northern China were selected as the subjects. Dietary energy intake was calculated on the basis of continuous 14-day dietary record, according to the results of double-aliquot dietary homogenates, and the dietary structure and energy intake were evaluated . Results Dietary intake per day for men and women were (2 935.29 ± 337.84) kcal and (2 114.79 ± 1 67.00) kcal, respectively. The energy provided by breakfast accounts for 30.16% of the total energy of the whole day, 37.87% for lunch and 31.97% for dinner. Protein energy supply accounted for 12.54%, carbohydrate energy provided by 74.27%, fat energy accounted for 13.41%. There was no significant difference in body weight between subjects before and after experiment. Conclusion The measured meal three meals a day energy allocation is more appropriate, carbohydrates provide higher energy, lower fat energy, and staple food intake is high. The body weight of the subjects remained balanced before and after the experiment, indicating that the dietary energy levels and food structure provided were reasonable. According to the level of physical activity of local peasants in summer, the average dietary energy intake measured is lower than the current RNI of our country, indicating that there may be an overestimation of RNI value of farmers in northern China.