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自体血管内瘘是目前临床上采用的最理想的血液透析途径，是慢性肾功能衰竭患者的生命通道。然而其并发症的存在可能影响血液透析的疗效，降低患者的生命质量，严重时还会危及患者生命。其中，以血管狭窄及内瘘闭塞、血栓形成、窃血综合征、肿胀手综合征、心力衰竭和假性动脉瘤最为常见和危险。本文基于相关研究，拟就血液透析患者自体血管内瘘并发症的临床症状、形成原因及护理策略做一综述，以期为广大医护人员对血液透析患者的护理治疗提供思路。“,”Internal fistula is the most ideal hemodialysis approach and the life channel of patients with chronic renal failure. However, the existence of complications may affect the efficacy of hemodialysis, reduce the quality of life of patients, and even endanger the life of patients in serious cases. Among them, vascular stenosis, internal fistula occlusion, thrombosis, steals syndrome, upper extremity edema syndrome, heart failure and pseudoaneurysm are the most common and dangerous. Based on relevant studies, this paper intends to summarize the clinical symptoms, causes and nursing strategies of internal fistula complications in hemodialysis patients, in order to provide ideas for the nursing treatment of hemodialysis patients for the majority of medical workers.