淮河源远流长,河渠纵横交错,湖泊星罗棋布,中下游能保持常年通航,历来是我国航运发达的地区之一。古淮河及其主要支流汝水、颍水、淝水、沙水、涡水、濉水、泗水、沂水等河道的通航,应早于人工运河,但究从何时开始,未见明确记载。据《史记》、《左传》等古书记载,公元前960余年的周穆王时代,居住在淮河下游北岸的徐偃王“欲舟上国,乃通沟于陈蔡”而开挖的陈(今河南省淮阳县)蔡(今河南省上蔡县)运河,是我国最早的人工运河。由此推测,淮河干支流天然河道的通航当更早于西周时代,其航运的历史就相当悠久了。建国前夕,淮河及其支流的航运事业,和其他行业一样,凋零衰败,不少航道年久失修,阻塞不通,货运量很少。建国后,随着祖国社会主义建设和治淮事业的发展,淮河流域的內河航运得到了迅速的恢复和较大的发展,现在,全流域已初步形成 Huaihe River has a long history, criss-crossing the river, dotted with lakes, the middle and lower reaches to maintain perennial navigation, has always been one of China’s shipping developed areas. The navigation of the ancient Huai River and its major tributaries, such as Ru Shui, Ying River, Huang Shui, Sha Shui, Xiu Shui, Huang Shui, Surabaya and Yishui should precede those of artificial canals. But when did the study begin? . According to historical records such as Records of the Historian and Zuozhuan, in the Zhou Muwang period of 960 BC, Xu Yanwang, who lives in the north bank of the lower Huaihe River, Today, Huaiyang County, Henan Province) Cai (now Shangcai County, Henan Province) Canal, is China’s earliest artificial canal. It can be inferred that the navigation of natural rivers in the tributaries of the Huaihe River earlier than the Western Zhou Dynasty had a long history of shipping. On the eve of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the shipping business of the Huaihe River and its tributaries, like other industries, withered and decayed, and many shipping lanes became disrepair and obstructed. There was little freight traffic. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, with the development of socialism in the motherland and the development of the Huai River basin, inland shipping in the Huaihe River basin has been rapidly restored and has been greatly developed. Now, the whole basin has taken initial shape