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新型口服降糖药钠葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2(SGLT2)抑制剂达格列净、卡格列净、伊格列净、依帕列净等发挥降血糖作用主要依赖抑制肾小管重吸收葡萄糖,不依赖于胰岛素的作用。临床试验发现:SGLT2抑制剂无论单用还是与传统降糖药合用,都能明显降低2型糖尿病患者的空腹血糖,糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1C)),兼具降低体重和血压的作用。不良反应方面,SGLT2抑制剂并不会增加低血糖、乳腺癌、膀胱癌和心血管事件等风险,但尿路感染、生殖器感染与低血压的发生率可能增加。
The new oral hypoglycemic agents sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors such as dapagliflozin, coglibagine, Iglopidine, and empagliflozin, exert a hypoglycemic effect that mainly relies on inhibition of tubular reabsorption of glucose, but not Depends on the role of insulin. Clinical trials found that SGLT2 inhibitors can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA_ (1C)) in both type 2 diabetic patients and reduce body weight and blood pressure, both alone and in combination with conventional hypoglycemic agents. Adverse reactions, SGLT2 inhibitors do not increase the risk of hypoglycemia, breast cancer, bladder cancer and cardiovascular events, but the incidence of urinary tract infections, genital infections and hypotension may increase.