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我国有着五千年的文明史,优秀园林美景甚多。气象万千、美不胜收、景色各异的园林意境无不依赖着作者的精心构思和艺术创造。园林意境最富有文化内涵,它具有一定的思想性、哲理性和艺术性,最能表达人的情感。一、园林意境与天人合一哲理的统一中国古典园林十分强调意境,意境是中国艺术创作和鉴赏方面的一个极为重要的美学范畴。简单地说,意即人类主观的理念、感情(为之人);境即客观的生活、景物(为之天)。意境产生于艺术创作中此两者的有机结合(天人合一),即创作者把自己的感情、理念熔铸于客观生活、景物之中,从而引发鉴赏者类似的情感激动和理念联想。“天人合一”无形地支配着园林设计者和鉴赏者的思想,“天人合一”有两层含意,其一、人是天地生成的,人的生活服从自然的普遍规律;其二、自然界的普遍规律和人类道德的最高原则是一而二,二而一的。因为人生的所想应该是天与人的调谐,人与大自然之间应保持着亲和关系,既要调整大自然使其符
China has a history of civilization of 5,000 years and there are many beautiful landscapes. Meteorological landscape, beautiful scenery and various landscapes all rely on the author’s careful conception and artistic creation. The garden landscape is richest in cultural connotation. It has certain ideological, philosophical and artistic features and can best express human emotions. I. The Unification of the Artistic Conception of the Gardens and the Integration of Heaven and Humanity Chinese classical gardens emphasize the artistic conception very much. The artistic conception is an extremely important aesthetic category in Chinese artistic creation and appreciation. Simply put, it means human subjective ideas and feelings (for whom they are); the environment is an objective life and scenery (for whom). Artistic conception originates from the organic combination of the two in art creation (combination of man and nature), that is, the creator casts his or her feelings and ideas into objective life and scenery, thereby triggering the appreciator’s similar emotional excitement and conceptual association. “Integration between man and nature” intangibly dominates the thinking of the designers and appreciators of the garden. The “harmony of man and nature” has two meanings. First, man is born of heaven and earth, and man’s life obeys the natural universality. Laws; Second, the universal laws of nature and the highest principles of human morality are one, two, and one. Because life’s thoughts should be the tuning of heaven and man, humans and nature should maintain a close relationship, and they must adjust nature to make it work.