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目的了解北京市朝阳区公共场所室内空气质量,为更好地改善并提高公共场所室内空气卫生状况。方法对辖区内2013—2015年3类公共场所室内空气进行现场检测,对室内空气细菌总数采取空气沉降法,数据结果利用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果 2013—2015年共监测315户,合格264户,合格率83.8%,其中2013年合格率为82.3%,2014年合格率为84.8%,2015年为84.5%,3年抽检合格率,差异无统计学意义;对公共场所进行分类分析,3年总体合格率均为住宿>商场超市>文化娱乐场所,不同类型公共场所各年合格率,均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);2013—2015年呈现第3季度合格率最低,第4季度最高,第1季度高于第2季度的趋势,第三季度合格率逐年提高,其中2014和2015年四季监测结果经χ2检验,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。监测项目中一氧化碳、风速、室内温度全部合格,监测项目不合格的分别为甲醛、合格率为96.7%,二氧化碳,合格率为99.3%,相对湿度,合格率为96.6%,可吸入颗粒物,合格率为98.5%,空气中细菌总数合格率为98.9%,不同监测项目合格率经χ2检验,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论辖区内公共场所室内空气质量状况良好,其中文化娱乐类场所室内空气质量有待提高,甲醛等不合格项目应通过相应的改善措施来减少室内空气中浓度,加强日常管理和监测频率。
Objective To understand the indoor air quality in public places in Chaoyang District, Beijing, in order to better improve and enhance indoor air hygiene in public places. Methods The indoor air of three public places in the area from 2013 to 2015 was detected on site and the airborne sedimentation method was used to determine the total number of indoor air bacteria. The data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results A total of 315 households were tested in 2013-2015 with a pass rate of 83.8%, of which, the pass rate in 2013 was 82.3%, the pass rate in 2014 was 84.8%, that in 2015 was 84.5%, the pass rate was 3 years and the difference was no Statistical significance; Classification of public places, 3-year overall pass rate are accommodation> shopping malls> entertainment venues, different types of public places in each passing rate, were statistically significant (P <0.05) 2015 showed the lowest pass rate in Q3, the highest Q4 in Q3, the highest Q4 in Q4, and the QoQ in Q2 Q3. The Q3 in Q3 showed a year-on-year increase. The results of Q2 and Q4 in 2014 and 2015 were statistically significant (P <0.05). Monitoring project of carbon monoxide, wind speed, indoor temperature all qualified, monitoring project unqualified were formaldehyde, with a pass rate of 96.7%, carbon dioxide, pass rate of 99.3%, relative humidity, passing rate of 96.6%, particulate matter, passing rate Was 98.5%. The passing rate of bacteria in air was 98.9%. The passing rate of different monitoring items was statistically significant (χ2) (P <0.05). Conclusion The indoor air quality in public places in the area is in good condition. The indoor air quality in cultural and entertainment venues needs to be improved. Formaldehyde and other unqualified projects should reduce the indoor air concentration and improve the routine management and monitoring frequency through corresponding improvement measures.