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为了适应货运量增长的需要,一方面要求对所有机车进行现代化改造,改进操纵方法,提高乘务人员的技术水平;另一方面要求改善牵引计算方法,精确地确定牵引定数。列车重量同最佳吨位值的偏差始终是不利的。如牵引定数过低,就不能充分利用机车的功率和发挥各区段的通过和运输能力。如牵引定数太高,就会发生粘着方面的困难,牵引电动机就会过热,使机车操纵复杂化。机车经常空转将导致牵引电动机、轮对等部件急剧损坏。
In order to meet the needs of the growth of freight volume, on the one hand, it requires that all locomotives be modernized, the operation methods should be improved, and the technical level of crew members should be improved; on the other hand, the traction calculation method should be improved to accurately determine the number of trains. The deviation of train weight from the optimal tonnage value is always unfavorable. If the traction number is too low, we can not make full use of locomotive power and play through the various sectors and transport capacity. If the number of traction is too high, there will be difficulties in adhesion, traction motor will be overheated, making the locomotive control more complicated. Frequent idling of locomotives will result in drastic damage to the traction motor and wheel counterparts.