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目的了解老年慢性支气管炎的变化及影响因素。方法以１９８８年确诊的１８６例老年慢性支气管炎为对象，分为吸烟组与非吸烟组，反复气道炎症组与非反复气道炎症组，在１９８８年～１９９８年１２月间作随访观察。结果共演变成肺心病１７例，死亡７例。其中吸烟组６５例中肺心病１１例，１１５例非吸烟组中肺心病６例，两组相比Ｐ＜００５。反复气道炎症组７８例中肺心病１３例，１０２例非反复气道炎症组中肺心病者４例，两者相比Ｐ＜００５。１０年间失访６例。结论老年慢性支气管炎演变成肺心病机会较高，其中吸烟及反复气道感染是促进其演变的重要原因，防治中应以戒烟及控制气道炎症为主。
Objective To understand the changes and influencing factors of chronic bronchitis in the elderly. Methods A total of 186 elderly patients with chronic bronchitis diagnosed in 1988 were divided into smoking group and non-smoking group, recurrent airway inflammation group and non-recurrent airway inflammation group. The patients were followed up from 1988 to December 1998. The results were evolved into pulmonary heart disease in 17 cases, 7 died. Among them, there were 11 cases of pulmonary heart disease in 65 cases of smoking group and 6 cases of cor pulmonale in 115 cases of non-smoking group, P <005 in both groups. Of the 78 patients with recurrent airway inflammation, 13 were pulmonary heart disease, and 4 were pulmonary heart disease in 102 patients with non-recurrent airway inflammation. There were 6 patients lost to pneumoconiosis between the two groups. Conclusion Elderly chronic bronchitis has a higher chance of developing pulmonary heart disease. Smoking and recurrent airway infections are the important reasons to promote its evolution. Prevention and treatment should be based on smoking cessation and airway inflammation control.