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对来自浙江、河南、山东、江苏等银杏产地的 1 3个优良单株 3年生银杏嫁接苗的叶产量、黄酮含量、黄酮的组成成份、内酯含量、内酯的组成成份及黄酮、内酯的年变化规律等进行了比较研究。结果表明 ,不同银杏优良单株间的叶产量、黄酮含量、内酯含量等存在显著差异 ;黄酮和内酯在叶中的含量以 9～ 1 0月最高 ,银杏植株各器官中黄酮的含量以叶最高 ,茎最低 ;在总黄酮中 ,槲皮素所占比例最大 ,其次为山奈酚 ,最后为异鼠李素 ;内酯的组成成份中则以银杏内酯A为最大 ,其次为白果内酯 ,最后为银杏内酯B、银杏内酯C ;根据叶产量、黄酮产量、内酯产量等指标 ,将 1 3个银杏叶用优良单株分成 3类 :优 E4 ,中等 E1、E2 、E5、E6,差 E3 、E7、E8、E10 、W2 、W3 、W4 、W5,即优良单株E4 是采叶园最好的建园材料 ,E1、E2 、E5、E6等次之。
Leaf yield, flavone content, flavonoid constituents, lactone content, lactone components and flavone, lactone content of 13 excellent grafted 3-year-old ginkgo grafted seedlings from Zhejiang, Henan, Shandong and Jiangsu provinces The annual variation rules were compared. The results showed that there were significant differences in the leaf yield, flavone content and lactone content among the excellent plants of different Ginkgo biloba varieties. The contents of flavonoids and lactones in leaves were the highest in 9 ~ 10 months. The content of flavonoids in various organs of Ginkgo biloba The highest in leaves and the lowest in stems. Among the total flavones, quercetin accounted for the largest proportion, followed by kaempferol, and finally isorhamnetin. Among the components of lactone, ginkgolide A was the largest, followed by ginkgo Ester, and finally ginkgolide B and ginkgolide C. Based on the indexes of leaf yield, flavone yield and lactone yield, 13 ginkgo biloba leaves were divided into three categories with excellent single plant: E4, E1, E2, E5 , E6, E3, E7, E8, E10, W2, W3, W4, W5, that is, the best single plant E4 is the best garden material garden building, E1, E2, E5, E6 and so on.