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采用生物信息学方法通过比较ESTs数据和基因组数据开发了猕猴桃的双亲遗传单拷贝的EPIC标记以用于猕猴桃属植物系统发育研究。通过比较中华猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis)和美味猕猴桃(A.deliciosa)的ESTs数据和葡萄(Vitis vinifera)基因组数据,以一致性85%为标准共检测到129个EPIC标记,并从中设计96对引物。其中21对EPIC引物在中华猕猴桃和美味猕猴桃两个商业化栽培品种中呈现稳定扩增,核酸多态性(Pi)为0.003~0.069,变异位点为0.7%~14.8%,简约性信息位点为0~9.4%。用其中的EPIC-1标记重建中华猕猴桃、美味猕猴桃、毛花猕猴桃(A.eriantha)、绵毛猕猴桃(A.fulvicoma var.lanata)和金花猕猴桃(A.chrysantha)的系统发育关系,显示其跨种间扩增的实用性并获得分辨率较高的系统发育树。本研究中开发的EPIC标记可以作为通用引物用于猕猴桃属植物系统发育分析。
Bioinformatics methods were used to develop a single-copy EPIC marker for parents of kiwifruit for the phylogenetic study of Actinidia by comparing ESTs data with genomic data. By comparing the ESTs data of Actinidia chinensis and A.deliciosa and the genome data of Vitis vinifera, 129 EPIC markers were detected with 85% identity and 96 pairs of primers were designed. Among them, 21 pairs of EPIC primers showed stable amplification in two commercial cultivars, Actinidia deliciosa and Actinidia deliciosa. The polymorphic loci (PI) ranged from 0.003 to 0.069 and the variation loci ranged from 0.7% to 14.8%. The parsimony informative sites Is 0 ~ 9.4%. The phylogenetic relationships among A. kiwifruit, A. kirilowii, A.eriantha, A. fulvicoma var. Lanata and A. chrysantha were reconstructed using EPIC-1 marker, Cross-species amplification of the practicality and access to higher resolution phylogenetic tree. The EPIC marker developed in this study can be used as a universal primer for the phylogenetic analysis of Actinidia.