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目的了解某化工企业急性职业中毒事故发生状况,寻找事故原因,为预防和控制急性职业中毒提供科学依据和防治对策。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对该企业6年间发生的4起急性职业中毒事故进行分析。结果该企业发生急性职业中毒事故4起,其中一般事故3起、重大事故1起;中毒人数9人,中毒罹患率为18.00%,死亡1人,病死率为11.11%;引起职业中毒毒物为砷化氢;中毒事故主要发生在高温净化车间高温净化操作岗位;中毒主要原因是“设备跑、冒、滴、漏”、“违反操作规程超负荷生产”和“个人防护不当”。结论企业及政府相关部门一定要高度重视乡镇企业的职业病防治工作,从源头上预防和控制职业中毒事故的发生。
Objective To understand the occurrence of acute occupational poisoning in a chemical enterprise, find out the cause of the accident, and provide a scientific basis and prevention and cure countermeasures for the prevention and control of acute occupational poisoning. Methods A retrospective survey method was used to analyze 4 acute occupational poisoning accidents occurred in this enterprise in 6 years. Results There were 4 acute occupational poisoning accidents in the enterprise, including 3 general accidents and 1 major accident; the number of poisoning persons was 9, the rate of poisoning was 18.00%, 1 person was killed and the case fatality rate was 11.11% Hydrogen poisoning; poisoning occurs mainly in high-temperature purification plant high temperature purification operation post; poisoning is mainly due to “equipment running, run, drip, leak”, “violation of operating procedures overload production” and “personal protection improper ”. Conclusion Enterprises and government departments must attach great importance to occupational disease prevention and control of township enterprises, from the source to prevent and control occupational poisoning.