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目的:比较急、慢性梗阻性肾积水大鼠时序性肾脏形态结构的病理变化。方法:选择SD大鼠(n=54),随机分为急性输尿管梗阻模型组(n=18)、慢性输尿管梗阻模型组(n=18)和正常对照组(n=18)。应用肉眼观、常规显微镜和扫描电子显微镜技术分别于建模后24h、48h、1周、3周、4周、6周不同时间点,观察急、慢性梗阻性肾积水肾脏组织的形态学改变。结果:通过肉眼观、HE染色常规镜下观以及扫描电镜动态观察发现急、慢性梗阻性肾积水组织早期形态学改变主要为炎性细胞的浸润以及肾小管管腔的扩大随梗阻时间的迁延而逐渐加剧,但慢性梗阻组的改变在程度和时间方面明显较急性梗阻组滞后。当病理进程进入中后期时,即急性梗阻3周和慢性梗阻4周时,两组的形态学改变在程度和时间上才趋于一致,均为炎性细胞消退、纤维组织广泛增生以及肾小管管腔塌陷。结论:大鼠急、慢性梗阻性肾积水在早期形态结构改变有较大不同,但在急性梗阻性肾积水3周后其超微结构变化与慢性梗阻性肾积水4周后的超微结构基本趋于一致。鉴于急性输尿管梗阻动物模型建模简单方便、易于规范、经济实用等特点,采用急性梗阻性肾积水动物模型在一定时间段替代慢性梗阻性肾积水动物模型研究梗阻性肾积水纤维化变化规律具有可行性。
Objective: To compare the pathological changes of temporal kidney morphology in acute and chronic obstructive hydronephrosis rats. Methods: SD rats (n = 54) were randomly divided into acute ureteral obstruction model group (n = 18), chronic ureteral obstruction model group (n = 18) and normal control group (n = 18). The morphological changes of renal tissues in acute and chronic obstructive hydronephrosis were observed by naked eyes, conventional microscope and scanning electron microscope at different time points of 24h, 48h, 1 week, 3 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after modeling . Results: The morphological changes of acute and chronic obstructive hydronephrosis were observed by naked eyes, conventional HE staining and dynamic observation by scanning electron microscope. The main morphological changes of early and chronic obstructive hydronephrosis were infiltration of inflammatory cells and enlargement of tubular lumen with the prolongation of obstruction time But gradually increased, but the change of chronic obstruction group was significantly delayed in degree and time compared with acute obstruction group. When the pathological process into the later period, that is, 3 weeks of acute obstruction and 4 weeks of chronic obstruction, the morphological changes in both groups tend to be consistent in extent and time, are inflammatory cells subsided, extensive fibrous tissue proliferation and renal tubules Lumens collapse. CONCLUSION: The morphological changes of acute and chronic obstructive hydronephrosis in rats are quite different in early stage. However, the ultrastructural changes in rats with acute obstructive hydronephrosis after 3 weeks and those in chronic obstructive hydronephrosis after 4 weeks Microstructures tend to be the same. In view of the characteristics of acute ureteral obstruction model animal model is simple and convenient, easy to regulate, economical and practical, the model of acute obstructive hydronephrosis animal model of chronic obstructive hydronephrosis was used to study the changes of obstructive hydronephrosis in a certain period of time The law is feasible.