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研究长沙参与体检的事业单位宫颈光滑女性人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)感染率和分型。选择2016年1~12月在长沙市妇幼保健院体检中心进行体检的9 001例事业单位女性(4 325例宫颈光滑女性及4 676例宫颈外观异常女性),采用基因扩增和PCR+膜杂交技术进行HPV分型检测。HPV总感染率13.11%,宫颈光滑组HPV感染率13.83%,宫颈异常组HPV感染率12.45%,两组HPV感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),均以单一、高危型感染为主,两组患者单一感染率、高危HPV感染率均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。正常组高危感染者中前三位的亚型依次为HPV52(占25.20%)、HPV58(占16.42%)、HPV53(占13.33%);异常组高危感染者中前三位的亚型依次为HPV52(占22.17%)、HPV58(占18.95%)、HPV16(占12.01%)。各年龄组中,感染率最高的为56~60岁组(正常组19.46%、异常组18.36%),感染率最低为20~25岁组(正常组10.84%、异常组5.88%)。目前无明确建议对宫颈光滑女性进行常规性HPV筛查,但本研究发现宫颈光滑女性亦有较高的HPV感染率,建议定期进行HPV筛查,对阳性者实行早期干预,从而降低宫颈癌发病率。
To investigate the prevalence and classification of cervical papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the institutions of medical examination in Changsha. A total of 9 001 women (4 325 women with cervical smoothness and 4 676 women with abnormal cervical appearance) who underwent physical examinations in the Changsha MCH examination center from January to December in 2016 were enrolled in this study. Gene amplification and PCR + membrane hybridization HPV typing test. HPV infection rate was 13.11%, HPV infection rate was 13.83% in cervical smooth group, and HPV infection rate was 12.45% in cervical abnormality group. There was no significant difference in HPV infection rate between the two groups (P> 0.05) There was no significant difference in single infection rate and high-risk HPV infection between the two groups (P> 0.05). In the normal group, the top three subtypes were HPV52 (25.20%), HPV58 (16.42%) and HPV53 (13.33%). The top three subtypes in the high risk group were HPV52 (22.17%), HPV58 (18.95%) and HPV16 (12.01%). In each age group, the highest infection rate was 56-60 years old (19.46% in normal group and 18.36% in abnormal group), and the lowest infection rate was 20-25 years old group (10.84% in normal group and 5.88% in abnormal group). There is no clear recommendation for routine cervical HPV screening of women with smooth cervical, but this study found that women with cervical smooth also have a higher rate of HPV infection, HPV screening is recommended on a regular basis, the positive implementation of early intervention, thereby reducing the incidence of cervical cancer rate.