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19世纪中叶英国强制种痘立法的出台强化了国家对医疗事务的管理并侵犯个人自由,导致英格兰反种痘派的兴起。反种痘派创建反种痘组织,发起反种痘运动,通过示威游行、宣传莱斯特方法、寻求议会支持等方式要求废除强制种痘,并取得初步成功。反种痘运动是19世纪末国家干预下集体利益与个人自由的博弈,展现出英格兰人“爱生命,更爱自由”的价值取向。
The introduction of mandatory British pox legislation in the mid-19th century strengthened state administration of medical affairs and violated individual liberties, leading to the rise of England’s anti-vaccination school. Anti-vaccinationists set up anti-acne groups, launched anti-vaccination campaigns, demanded the repeal of mandatory vaccination by demonstrations, advocacy of the Lester method, seeking parliamentary support and achieved initial success. Anti-vaccination campaign is a game between collective interests and individual freedom under state intervention in the late 19th century, showing the value orientation of the English people “love life and love freedom.”