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目的分析2016年吉林省流行性出血热(epidemic hemorrhagic fever,EHF)的流行病学特征,为预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2016年吉林省EHF疫情资料进行分析。结果 2016年吉林省共报告EHF病例515例,报告发病率1.87/10万;死亡2例,报告死亡率0.007/10万;报告发病数居前3位的市(州)为:白城市101例,长春市86例,通化市72例,占全省报告发病总数的50.29%;男女性别比为3.56∶1,男性发病总数高于女性,男女之间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);年龄集中在25~60岁组(390例),占全部报告病例的75.73%;职业构成以农民(344例)为主,占报告发病总数的66.08%;全年形成2个发病高峰,第1个在春季5~6月份,第2个在冬季11月份。褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠是主要的宿主动物和传染源。结论 2016年吉林省EHF发病情况平稳,应采取综合性防治措施,控制疫情的传播与蔓延。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Jilin province in 2016, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of EHF in Jilin Province in 2016. Results In 2016, a total of 515 EHF cases were reported in Jilin Province, with a reported incidence of 1.87 / lakh and 2 deaths. The reported death rate was 0.007 / lakh. The top three cities reported were 101 , 86 cases in Changchun and 72 cases in Tonghua, accounting for 50.29% of the total reported cases in the province; the sex ratio of men and women was 3.56: 1, the total number of male patients was higher than that of women, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05 (390 cases), accounting for 75.73% of the total reported cases. The occupational composition was dominated by peasants (344 cases), accounting for 66.08% of the total reported cases. Two peak incidences were recorded in the whole year, The first one is in spring 5-6 months and the second one is in winter November. Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrari are the main host animals and sources of infection. Conclusion In 2016, the incidence of EHF in Jilin Province was stable. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to control the spread and spread of the epidemic.