目的:提高对原发甲状腺功能减退症的认识。方法:回顾性分析2001-2008年原发甲状腺功能减退症14例患者的临床资料。结果:14例中误诊为冠心病3例,非特异性心包炎2例,缺铁性贫血3例,抑郁症1例,高脂血症2例,慢性肾炎、肾病3例,误诊时间30 d~3 a,确诊甲状腺功能减退症后予以左旋甲状腺激素治疗后症状体征消失。结论:甲状腺功能减退症易误诊,详细询问病史、全面综合分析是减少误诊的关键。 Objective: To raise awareness of primary hypothyroidism. Methods: The clinical data of 14 patients with primary hypothyroidism during 2001-2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 14 cases, 3 cases were misdiagnosed as coronary heart disease, 2 cases of nonspecific pericarditis, 3 cases of iron deficiency anemia, 1 case of depression, 2 cases of hyperlipidemia, 3 cases of chronic nephritis and nephropathy, misdiagnosis time of 30 d ~ 3 a, confirmed thyroid hypothyroidism after the treatment of symptoms and signs of left thyroid hormone disappeared. Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is easily misdiagnosed, history is asked in detail, and comprehensive and comprehensive analysis is the key to reduce misdiagnosis.