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目的了解洞口县手足口病(hand-foot-mouth disease,HFMD)的流行病学特征,分析重症手足口病的特点,探索科学的防控措施。方法采用描述性研究的方法掌握2010年报告的洞口县辖区内手足口病病例三间分布,采用病例对照研究方法探索重症病例的特点。结果 2010年洞口县按现住址共报告手足口病600例,均为10岁以下儿童,0~4岁患儿患病率最高,以散居儿童为主,男性发病率明显高于女性(101.02/10万、54.29/10万),男女性重症病例发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手足口病报告数排名前三的乡镇是洞口、高沙、山门,这三个乡镇流动人口多,经济较发达。重症病例的发热天数、住院天数明显长于轻症病例,最高体温、血常规白细胞亦明显高于轻症病例;EV71病毒感染率高于轻症病例(P<0.05)。结论加强手足口病流行病学监测,提高基层医务人员的诊治水平,是降低手足口病发病率、死亡率的主要措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Dongkou County and to analyze the characteristics of HFMD and to explore scientific prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive method was used to grasp the distribution of HFMD cases in Dongkou County in 2010 and the case-control study was used to explore the characteristics of severe cases. Results In 2010, a total of 600 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Dongkou County, both of which were children under 10 years old. The prevalence of children with 0-4 years old was the highest in Dongkou County, with scattered children as the dominant factor. The incidence of male was significantly higher than that of female (101.02 / 100000, 54.29 / 100000). There was no significant difference in the incidence of severe male and female cases (P> 0.05). Hand, foot and mouth disease report The top three townships are Dongkou, Gaosha and Shanmen. These three townships have more floating population and more developed economy. Severe cases of fever days, hospital stay was significantly longer than mild cases, the highest body temperature, blood leukocytes were significantly higher than mild cases; EV71 virus infection was higher than the mild cases (P <0.05). Conclusion To strengthen the epidemiological monitoring of hand-foot-mouth disease and improve the diagnosis and treatment of grass-roots medical staff is the main measure to reduce the incidence and mortality of hand-foot-mouth disease.