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由于小学生思维特点以形象思维为主,几何概念本身较为抽象,所以,在理解抽象的几何知识与形成空间观念时,必然受到更多的心理因素的影响。如何有效消除心理因素对学生空间观念形成的影响?策略有:重视对现实空间的观察,建立初步的空间观念;重视运用操作、计算、变换、简单推理等多种手段认识图形;充分发挥表象作用,促进学生的思维过渡;通过相近图形的比较,概括形体的本质特征;加强学生语言的表述,促进概念的形成。
Because of the thinking characteristics of primary school students based on the image thinking, geometric concept itself is abstract, so in understanding the abstract geometric knowledge and the formation of space concept, will inevitably be more psychological factors. How to effectively eliminate the influence of psychological factors on the formation of students’ space concept? Strategies include: paying attention to the observation of the real space and establishing the initial space concept; attaching importance to understanding graphics through various means such as operation, calculation, transformation and simple reasoning; giving full play to the role of representation , Promote students ’thinking and transition; through the comparison of similar graphics, summarize the essential features of the body; strengthen the students’ language expression and promote the formation of concepts.