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作为对法定证据制度之辩证否定的自由心证制度,其根本要求是法律对证明力不做具体规定,而交由裁判者自主裁量。在证据能力方面两大法系采取了各不相同的做法,其中英美法系采取的是证明力的自由评价与证据能力的法定主义,大陆法系国家和地区对证据能力和证明力均采取自由评价制度。两大法系在证据能力方面的不同态度,使自由心证表现为两种不同的类型。受诉讼价值目标、审判组织结构等方面的影响,我国自由心证的技术建构应当选择大陆法系的立法模式。
The basic requirement of the system of free evaluation of evidence as a dialectical negation of the system of legal evidence is that the law does not stipulate the power of proof and it is left to the discretion of the judge. The two legal systems have taken different approaches in terms of their ability of evidence. The Anglo-American legal system adopts the statutory doctrine of free evaluation and evidence ability of proof, and both civil and legal countries and regions take a free evaluation of evidence ability and proof power system. The different attitudes of the two legal systems in terms of their ability of evidence make the performance of the free assessment two different types. Subject to the value of the litigation, the structure of the trial organization and so on, the technical construction of our free proof of evidence should choose the legislative mode of the civil law system.