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目的 探讨平衡仪治疗 2 0次对注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD)患儿认知功能的影响。方法 采用Neurocom公司生产的BalanceMaster平衡仪 ,对 2 0例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版诊断标准、年龄在 10～ 15岁的ADHD患儿进行治疗 ,于治疗前后测试韦氏记忆量表、中国韦氏儿童智力量表 (C WISC)、数字划消、持续操作性测试 (CPT)、动态学习能力测试 (DLM)等项。结果 治疗后 ,患儿韦氏记忆量表的短时记忆 [(6 2± 7)分 ]和记忆商分值 [(10 4± 10 )分 ]以及C WISC中注意 /不分心因子分 [(10 9± 14 )分 ]均高于治疗前 [分别为 (5 7± 8)分、(98± 10 )分和 (10 0± 15 )分 ],差异具有非常显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;在数字划消测试中 ,第一段的净分 (36分 )高于治疗前 (32分 ) ,失误率下降(治疗前后分别为 12 %和 8% ;P <0 0 1) ;CPT测试中的错误率有所下降 ,但差异未达显著性 (P =0 0 8) ,平均反应时及正确率无明显变化 ;在DLM测试中 ,总错误数 (41个 )低于治疗前 (15 7个 ;P <0 0 0 1) ,操作分类 (2级 )高于治疗前 (3级 ;P <0 0 0 1)。结论 平衡仪治疗对改善儿童认知功能有一定疗效 ,特别是在提高注意力、记忆力及冲动控制等方面的疗效较好。
Objective To investigate the effect of balancing instrument on cognitive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Twenty patients with ADHD aged 10 to 15 years who met diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association, using the BalanceMaster Balancer manufactured by Neurocom Company, were used to test the Wechsler memory scale before and after treatment , Chinese Wechsler Children’s Intelligence Scale (C WISC), digital cancellation, continuous operation test (CPT), dynamic learning ability test (DLM) and so on. Results After treatment, the scores of short-term memory [(6 2 ± 7)] and memory fraction [(10 4 ± 10) scores) in Wechsler memory scale and the attention / exclusion factor score in C WISC [ (10 9 ± 14)] were significantly higher than those before treatment [(57 ± 8) points, (98 ± 10) points and (100 ± 15) points respectively], with significant difference (P <0 0 1). In the digital cancellation test, the net score (36 points) in the first paragraph was higher than that before treatment (32 points), and the error rate decreased (before and after treatment, 12% and 8%, respectively; P <0.01) The error rate in CPT test decreased, but the difference was not significant (P = 0 0 8), and the average response time and correct rate had no significant change. In the DLM test, the total number of errors (41) was lower than before treatment (15 7, P <0 0 01). The classification of operation (grade 2) was higher than before treatment (grade 3; P 0 001). Conclusion Balancer treatment has some effect on improving children’s cognitive function, especially in improving attention, memory and impulse control.