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债权和债务关系是国家博弈和互动的工具和筹码,在英国霸权体系和美国霸权体系中发挥不同的作用。债权是维持英国霸权体系的工具,同时也是发生霸权更迭时的重要筹码,债权国是英国霸权体系的挑战者。而债权却不是美国霸权的体现,债务才是美国维持霸权的工具,美国体系中的债权国会被迫帮助美国维持霸权。一个国家是债权国还是债务国并不是判定这个国家在国际体系中地位的标准,不能够由美国在英国霸权体系下成功称霸的历史来预测和暗示当今美国霸权体系下债权国的未来和霸权更迭模式。
Debt and debt relations are the tools and chips for the game and interaction of the state, playing different roles in the British hegemony and the U.S. hegemony. Debt is a tool to maintain British hegemony system, but also an important bargaining chip in the event of the change of hegemony. Creditor countries are the challengers of the British hegemony system. Debt claims, however, are not a manifestation of the hegemony of the United States. Debt is the instrument used by the United States to maintain hegemony. The creditor nations in the U.S. system are forced to help the United States maintain its hegemony. Whether a country is a creditor country or a debtor country is not the criterion for determining this country’s position in the international system and can not be predicted and hinted at by the U.S. history of supremacy in the British hegemony system. The future and the hegemonic change of the creditor countries in the current U.S. hegemony system mode.