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1916年G.N.Lewis在总结前人工作的基础上提出电子对概念,并指出化学键就是原子间共享电子对,稍后,1.Langmuir等以此说明了许多分子结构及配位键形成的原因。1927年W.Heitler和F.London应用量子力学解决H_2的结构,为电子对形成提供了量子力学根据。此后,化学键理论集大成者L.Pauling在这方面进行了许多有益的工作。随后电子对概念已成为价键理论的核心,与电子对有关的概念几乎在所有的无机化学、有机化学教科书中都广为应用,这些概念对于说明分子形成及空间构型有着特别鲜明的作用。但在一些书刊
In 1916, G.N. Lewis proposed the concept of electron pair based on the summary of previous work and pointed out that the chemical bond is a shared electron pair between atoms. Later, 1. Langmuir et al. [1] explained why many molecular structures and coordination bonds were formed. In 1927, W. Heitler and F. London applied quantum mechanics to solve the structure of H_2, which provided the quantum mechanics basis for the formation of electron pairs. Since then, L. Pauling, a co-founder of the chemical bonding theory, has done a great deal of useful work in this area. Subsequent concepts of electron pairs have become the core of the valence bond theory, and the concepts associated with electron pairs are widely used in almost all inorganic chemistry and organic chemistry textbooks. These concepts are particularly useful for elucidating molecular formation and spatial configuration. But in some books and periodicals