流行病学调查资料表明儿童智力低下率约占3％,但引起智力低下的多数原因尚不清楚。为探讨儿童智力低下与父母在妊娠前后吸烟及饮洒状况之间的联系,作者进行了本研究。病例组为306例于1979～1987年在荷兰奈梅亨大学医院小儿科及小儿神经科或康复中心住院的智力低下(智商<80)的儿童,年龄0～15岁,通过家族史、妊娠史及神经病学、神经系放射学、生物化学和细胞遗传学检查均未发现引起智力低下的原因。对照组为322例由遗传因素、严重产伤或其它已知原因引起的非智力性先天异常儿童,对照组的年龄、诊断医 Epidemiological survey data show that children’s mental retardation rate of about 3%, but most of the causes of mental retardation is unclear. To investigate the relationship between mental retardation in children and smoking and sprinkling of their parents before and after pregnancy, the authors conducted this study. The case group consisted of 306 children with mental retardation (IQ <80) who were hospitalized in Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology or Rehabilitation Center, Nijmegen University Hospital, 1979-1987, aged 0-15 years. The family history, pregnancy history and Neurology, neurological radiology, biochemistry and cytogenetics did not find the cause of mental retardation. The control group consisted of 322 children with non-intelligence congenital abnormalities caused by genetic factors, severe birth trauma or other known causes, the age of the control group, diagnosis