我国是乙型肝炎高发国家,慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者中约有40%~50%是经母婴传播。新生儿和婴儿感染HBV后,约90%成为慢性HBV携带者,严重危害下一代人的健康〔1〕。HBV携带者不仅是HBV的主要传染源,同样也是肝硬化、肝癌的高发人群,因此,防治HBV感染是极为重要的公共卫生问题,? China is a high incidence of hepatitis B countries, about 40% to 50% of those infected with chronic hepatitis B virus is transmitted by mother to child. About 90% of newborns and infants who become infected with HBV become chronic HBV carriers and seriously endanger the health of the next generation [1]. HBV carriers are not only the main source of HBV infection, but also cirrhosis, liver cancer is a high incidence of people, therefore, prevention and treatment of HBV infection is extremely important public health issues?