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目的探讨汽车漆挥发物对小鼠学习记忆能力的影响,及其相关氨基酸类神经递质的影响机制。方法无特定病原体级健康雄性昆明种小鼠30只随机分为对照组、底漆组和面漆组,每组10只。采用静式吸入染毒方法,底漆组和面漆组小鼠分别予汽车底漆、面漆吸入染毒,日平均染毒剂量分别为600和580 mg/m3,每日1次,2 h/次,每周6 d,持续4周;对照组小鼠同时置于染毒柜内,但不予染毒处理。染毒结束后,采用Morris水迷宫实验对小鼠进行神经行为学测试,以高效液相色谱法检测小鼠脑组织中谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸水平。结果与对照组比较,底漆组和面漆组小鼠逃避潜伏期和第1次穿越平台时间均延长(P<0.05),目标象限停留时间和穿越平台次数均下降(P<0.05),脑组织中谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸水平均下降(P<0.05);但底漆组和面漆组小鼠上述指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论汽车漆挥发物暴露可导致小鼠学习记忆能力下降,并可致其脑组织氨基酸类神经递质分泌减少。
Objective To investigate the effect of car paint volatiles on learning and memory abilities of mice and the related mechanism of amino acid neurotransmitters. Methods Thirty healthy male Kunming mice without specific pathogen were randomly divided into control group, primer group and topcoat group, with 10 in each group. The mice in the primer group and the topcoat group were exposed to vehicle primer and topcoat respectively by the method of inhalation by static inhalation. The daily average exposure doses were 600 and 580 mg / m3, once daily and 2 h / Times, 6 d per week for 4 weeks; while the control group mice were also placed in the cabinet, but no treatment. After the exposure, Morris water maze test was used to conduct neurobehavioral test in mice, and glutamate, aspartate, γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine in mouse brain were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. Results Compared with the control group, both the escape latency and the first time of crossing the platform of the primer group and the topcoating group were prolonged (P <0.05), the target quadrant residence time and the number of crossing the platform were decreased (P <0.05) The contents of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and glycine decreased (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the primer group and the topcoat group (P> 0.05) . Conclusion Car paint volatiles exposure can lead to decreased learning and memory ability of mice, and can cause the secretion of amino acid neurotransmitters in brain tissue reduced.