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用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X 射线能谱仪(EDAX)研究了重稀土元素对低合金钢焊缝金属韧性的影响.结果发现,采用适当的焊条药皮配方和焊接工艺可使重稀土元素微量过渡到焊缝金属中(约10ppm),减少了夹杂物的面密度和面积百分数,显著提高了焊缝金属的低温韧性。夹杂物的减少和低温韧性的提高有很好的对应关系,因此可以认为,重稀土元素对焊缝金属的净化和变质作用是提高焊缝低温韧性的主要原因。此外,还对焊缝金属中夹杂物的类型进行了较深入的鉴别。
The effect of heavy rare earth elements on the toughness of the weld metal in low alloyed steels was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The results show that the proper electrode coating recipe and The welding process can trace heavy rare earth elements into the weld metal (about 10ppm), reducing the areal density and area percentage of inclusions, significantly improving the low temperature toughness of the weld metal. The reduction of inclusions has a good correspondence with the improvement of low temperature toughness. Therefore, it can be considered that the purification and metamorphism of heavy rare earth elements on the weld metal is the main reason for improving the low temperature toughness of the weld. In addition, the types of inclusions in the weld metal were further identified.