【摘 要】
：
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the major cause worldwide for non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis.RT-qPCR is a widely-used method for the detection of HuNoVs.However, this method is unable to discrimin
【机 构】
：
MOST-USDA Joint Research Center for Food Safety, School of Agriculture & Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong
【出 处】
：
2016第五届中国食品安全高峰论坛
论文部分内容阅读
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the major cause worldwide for non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis.RT-qPCR is a widely-used method for the detection of HuNoVs.However, this method is unable to discriminate between infectious and non-infectious viruses.In this study, we applied a novel viral receptor mediated in situ capture RT-qPCR (ISC-RT-qPCR) to detect HuNoVs in oysters and compared with the traditional RT-qPCR method.Ten HuNoVs RT-PCR positive and 5 negative clinical samples from gastroenteritis patients were used to compare specificity and sensitivity of ISC-RT-qPCR against that of the RT-qPCR assay.ISC-RT-qPCR had at a one-log or a two-log increase in sensitivity over that of the RT-qPCR assay for genotype Ⅰ (GⅠ) and GⅡ,respectively.Distributions of HuNoVs in oyster tissues were investigated in artificially inoculated oysters.GⅠ HuNoVs could be detected in all tissues in inoculated oysters by both ISC-RT-qPCR and RT-qPCR.GⅡ HuNoVs could only be detected in gills and digestive glands by both methods.The number of viral genomic copies (vgc) measured by ISC-RT-qPCR was comparable with RT-qPCR in the detection of GⅠ and GⅡ HuNoVs in inoculated oysters.Thirty-six oyster samples from local market were assayed for HuNoVs by both assays.More HuNoVs could be detected by ISC-RT-qPCR in retail oysters.The detection rates of GⅠ HuNoVs in gills,digestive glands, and residual tissues were 33.3%, 25.0%, and 19.4% by ISC-RT-qPCR;and 5.6%, 11.1%, and 11.1% by RT-qPCR, respectively.The detection rates ofGⅡ HuNoVs in gills were 2.8% by ISC-RT-qPCR;no GⅡ HuNoV was detected in these oysters by RT-qPCR.Overall, all results demonstrated that ISC-RT-qPCR was a promising method for detecting HuNoVs in oyster samples.
其他文献
以2-(2-羟苯基)苯并噁唑为母体结构,在3和5端引入吸电子基团,合成了一种苯并噁唑类荧光探针1,2.其结构通过质谱、红外光谱和核磁共振波谱进行了表征并用光谱法研究了其性能.结果表明：该探针激发波长为320 nm,发射波长为471 nm,对Zn2+表现出良好的选择性和灵敏性.与Zn2+作用后,紫外灯下溶液的颜色由淡蓝色变成亮蓝色,发射波长由471 nm移至451 nm处,且荧光发射强度随着Zn2+
Alternariol (AOH) is one of the most important members of Altemaria mycotoxins.Researches have exposed that this toxin show cytotoxic, fetotoxic and teratogenic activity, it is mutagenic, clastogenic
With the high performance genomics associated technologies were applied to the nutritional sciences at the turn of the millennium, nutrigenomics, a revolutionary research area that investigates the bi
本文首先研究了品种(粉蕉、大蕉、香牙蕉)和成熟度对香蕉皮中原花色素提取得率的影响.结果表明：果皮中原花色素的含量：粉蕉≥大蕉＞香牙蕉；随着成熟度增加,香蕉皮中原花色素的含量逐渐降低.综合考虑,选择青大蕉作为原花色素的提取原料.对酶解辅助提取法提取原花色素的工艺进行研究.结果表明,酶解的最佳工艺条件为：酶添加量0.8％,酶解温度50℃,酶解时间45min,原花色素提取得率为1.655％；提取的最佳工
我国食源性致病微生物是影响食品安全的重要因素，食品微生物安全中普遍存在污染分布规律不清晰、快速检测及高效控制关键技术滞后、欠缺系统性监测食品微生物的污染水平等情况，因此建立具有我国代表性食品微生物安全菌种库，发展先进的微生物快速检测技术，完善生产各个环节的食品微生物检测和控制技术产品，才能不断提高我国食品安全检测技术水平，为食品安全保驾护航。
近年来,来源于驼科类、鲨鱼等动物缺失轻链的重链抗体(heavy chain antibodies,HcAb)及其可变区(VHH或纳米抗体)引起了科学家的极大兴趣。与传统由重链和轻链组成的抗体相比,VHH具有亲和力高、稳定性好、溶剂耐受能力强以及易改造等特点,在医学诊断等领域逐步在应用。在众多特性中,VHH良好的热稳定性(可耐受90℃高温)及溶剂耐受性(可耐受高浓度有机溶剂50％以上甲醇或DMSO)
沙丁胺醇(SAL)是一种苯乙醇胺类β2-激动剂,在畜禽养殖业存在被当做"瘦肉精"非法滥用现象.作为一种手性分子,SAL的两个对映体在与受体结合时表现出较大差异.因此本研究制备消旋及左旋SAL兔多克隆抗体,建立SAL抗体的间接竞争酶联免疫检测方法(icELISA).消旋SAL icELISA线性检测范围为0.25-22.12 ng mL-1,IC50为2.36 ng mL-1；左旋SAL icELI
1.新食品安全法→企业管理上的挑战①国家出台新版《食品安全法》，制定了四个最严原则，即最严标准、最严格监管、最严肃问责以及最严处罚，希望以国家法条的形式来约束食品企业的经营者和供应商.②整个食品产业链条的参与者要按照"预防为主、风险管理、全程控制、社会共制"十六字方针来进行食品安全风险管理.2.问题点悄然改变，企业如何应对食品安全新局面①食品安全风险关注点逐渐从化学性风险转向生物性风险.
百草枯是一种速效触杀灭生型联吡啶类离子型除草剂，广泛应用于农业中。残留在农产品或食品中的百草枯人体具有较大的危害，因此对其检测十分必要。近年来随着电化学检测技术不断进步，对百草枯进行电化学检测研究越来越受关注。本文总结归纳了几种百草枯的电化学检测方法，并对这些方法进行展望。
食品防腐是食品保藏的核心。据估计，我国每年约有20％～30％的食物损失由各种腐败导致，其中微生物造成的腐败最为严重。食品腐败变质不仅会使食品丧失营养价值，严重的还会造成食物中毒。因此，食品防腐剂的生产与科学应用对提高食品安全具有重要意义。天然防腐剂安全性高，性能稳定，在食品产业中可确保食品的安全性，目前成为防腐剂研究的热点。可食用真菌广泛存在于自然界中，少数已被证实具有抗菌活性，因此丰富的可食用真