论文部分内容阅读
本文分两部分 ,论述不同语言中焦点先行句的句法结构和成句条件以及其在话语中的应用情况。第一部分从信息结构和话语分析的角度审视汉语语法研究中经常提到的倒装、重复和追补等句式。从这些句式的形式和功能之间的关系可以看出 ,语序是汉语中表示信息结构的重要手段 ,以此为基础可统一处理倒装、提前、重复、追补等现象。第二部分考察英语、日语和希腊语中的右偏置句和相关句式 ,通过与汉语的对比 ,说明不同语言中延伸句在形式和功能上的异同。本文认为 ,语序在上述几种语言中都是可以用来凸显焦点的句法手段 ,但不同的语言对成句的条件又各自有不同的要求 ,因此研究者必须把句法形式 (如焦点先行 )跟其他的手段 (如语调 )区分开来。结论是 ,汉语在表达信息结构方面 ,跟英语和其他语言相比 ,对语调的要求较低 ,而更依赖于句法手段。
This article is divided into two parts, discussing the syntactic structure and sentence-forming conditions of focus antecedent sentences in different languages and their application in discourse. The first part examines the most frequently used flip-flop, repetition and catch-up in the study of Chinese grammar from the perspective of information structure and discourse analysis. It can be seen from the relationship between the forms and functions of these sentences that the order of words is an important means of representing information structure in Chinese and can be used to handle the phenomena of flip, advance, repetition and supplement. The second part examines the right-bias sentences and related sentences in English, Japanese and Greek, and compares them with those in Chinese to illustrate the similarities and differences in form and function of extended sentences in different languages. This paper argues that word order is a syntactic method that can be used to highlight the focus in each of the above languages. However, different languages have different requirements for sentence formation conditions. Therefore, researchers must combine syntactic forms (such as focus first) with others The means (such as tone) to distinguish. The conclusion is that in the aspect of expressing the structure of information, Chinese requires less intonation than English and other languages and relies more on syntactic means.