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Melatonin, a pineal hormone, exhibits potential cardiovascular protective properties involving interfering with free radical processes.The development of diabetic macrovascular complication is a multifactorial process.This study was designed to evaluate whether melatonin attenuates arteriosclerosis and endothelial permeability by suppressing myosin light chain kinase(MLCK)/phosphorylation of myosin light chain(p-MLC) system via melatonin receptor(MT1)/ mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signal transduction.