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专制学说是晚清由西方传入中国的,其后专制成为解说中国社会的一个重要的概念。本文着重分析专制学说在传入中国后,最初中国的知识界是如何阐释的。文章首先讨论了专制与专制主义两词的翻译问题,其后依次讨论了近代中国的知识人从民权的角度、从权力结构的角度、从文化根源上对中国专制与专制主义的解释历程。
The doctrine of autocracy was introduced into China from the West in the late Qing Dynasty, and then became an important concept in explaining Chinese society. This article focuses on the analysis of the theory of autocracy in China after the first interpretation of the Chinese intellectuals. The article first discusses the translation of autocratic and authoritarianism, and then discusses in turn the modern Chinese intellectuals from the perspective of civil rights, from the perspective of the power structure, from the cultural roots of China’s autocratic and authoritarian interpretation process.