魔芋(Konjac.K)又名蒟蒻、鬼芋、花梗莲、蛇玉米、天南星、蛇头草等，是天南星科(Araceae)魔芋属多年生草本植物。魔芋中的主要成分葡甘聚糖(KGM)及其良好的特性，使之越来越引起许多学者的关注。研究内容涉及生物、医药、食品、石油、化工、造纸和建材等诸多领域。近几年来，天然高分子材料尤其是无机/生物材料形成的杂化材料，逐渐得到科学家们的重视。魔芋葡甘聚糖是继淀粉和纤维素之后又一种令人感兴趣的天然多糖，逐渐成为具重要应用前景的环境友好材料。本文对魔芋葡甘聚糖进行了疏水化和塑化改性，就其改性后的材料性能进行了研究，并对制备的魔芋葡甘聚糖塑料膜的降解性能进行了初步探讨。结论如下： 1采用湿法酯化改性对魔芋葡甘聚糖进行了疏水化处理。在pH为8.5～9.5、温度为30～40℃下对魔芋葡甘聚糖进行了酸酐酯化反应，反应产物制成的膜具有良好的耐水性，其吸水率仅为0.13。2使用交联剂三偏磷酸钠和硅烷偶联剂对魔芋葡甘聚糖进行干法改性，得到的改性魔芋葡甘聚糖同样具有良好的疏水性。其最佳改性条件为：交联剂三偏磷酸钠用量为1.5％，硅烷偶联剂用量为2％～3％，90～95℃下反应30min。得到的改性KGM的吸水率为0.22。3加入增塑剂能增加魔芋葡甘聚糖膜的塑性。通过对伸长率、抗张强度、水蒸汽透过系数、膜的柔软度的测定，确定增塑剂为甘油时膜的综合指标良好。4参考GB/T 18006.2-1999和GB/T 18006.1-1999的生物降解试验方法和采用土壤掩埋法对制备的魔芋葡甘聚糖塑料膜进行了降解实验。结果表明，霉菌生长为V级。该材料可被土壤微生物所利用，样品在30天内的降解率达到61.8％，具有完全生物降解性。 Abstract Konjac, also called Juruo, Guiyu, Huagenglian, Sheyumi, Tiannanxing, Shetoucao and so on, is perennial plant of Araceae in Amorphophallus Blume. Konjac contains abundant Glucomannan(KGM), which is attracting more and more attention, due to the its fine practical characters in the fields of biological, medical, health foods, petroleum,chemical, papermaking, andbuilding materials. Generally speaking, natural polymers,especially hydrid materials made by inorganic and biomaterial are seizing scientistsattention gradually in recent years, and KGM, as another interesting natural polysaccharides after starch and cellulose, is becoming a kind of novel environment-friendly materials. In this paper, the hydrophobic and thermoplastic modification of KGM, and the mechanical properties and biodegradability of the resulting KGM films were investigated, the main conclusion being as below: 1 The wet esterification was used to hydrop