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目的研究凋亡相关新基因PDCD5与Smac蛋白在口腔正常黏膜、口腔鳞癌中表达的相关性及其意义。方法采用免疫组化方法检测68例口腔鳞癌组织和43例癌旁正常黏膜组织中PDCD5和Smac的表达,并分析两者的表达与临床病理的关系以及两者之间相互关系。结果正常口腔黏膜组PDCD5染色阳性率为80.2%(P<0.05),口腔鳞癌组PDCD5阳性率为29%(P<0.05),明显低于癌旁组织,并且表达与TNM分期、淋巴结转移相关性有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Smac在正常口腔黏膜组染色阳性率为41.2%(P<0.05),明显高于口腔鳞癌组织11.7%(P<0.05),且与肿瘤的分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移的相关性均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PDCD5和Smac蛋白呈明显正相关(r=0.892,P<0.05)。结论PDCD5和Smac蛋白在口腔鳞癌中表达下调,提示PDCD5与Smac蛋白的改变可能与口腔鳞癌的发生、发展相关,这两项指标可作为辅助口腔黏膜癌变的基因标志物。
Objective To study the correlation between the expression of PDCD5 and Smac protein in oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma and its significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of PDCD5 and Smac in 68 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and 43 cases of adjacent normal mucosa. The relationship between the expression of PDCD5 and Smac and the clinicopathological features was analyzed. Results The positive rate of PDCD5 in normal oral mucosa was 80.2% (P <0.05). The positive rate of PDCD5 in oral squamous cell carcinoma was 29% (P <0.05), which was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues and was correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis Sex was statistically significant (P <0.05). The positive rate of Smac staining in normal oral mucosa group was 41.2% (P <0.05), which was significantly higher than that in oral squamous cell carcinoma (11.7%) (P <0.05). The correlation between Smac expression and tumor differentiation, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis Statistical significance (P <0.05). PDCD5 and Smac protein showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.892, P <0.05). Conclusion The downregulation of PDCD5 and Smac proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma suggest that the changes of PDCD5 and Smac proteins may be related to the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma. These two indices may serve as genetic markers to assist the carcinogenesis of oral mucosa.