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语言是沟通思想、交流感情的工具,而思想的沟通和感情的交流是通过一定的语言表现形式完成的。然而,语言表现形式在完成语言的基本功能——表义的同时,还能向人们展示出谈话者的社会角色关系。日本语言在这一方面具有更加突出的特点。比方说,日语通过一定的词汇和表达方式可以清楚地表示出说话者之间的上下关系、内外关系,以及通过语言把握不同时空的自我。本文试考察一下日本人通过语言表现这些关系时所使用的基本词汇和表达形式。
Language is a tool to communicate thoughts and exchange feelings. The exchange of thoughts and feelings is accomplished through certain linguistic expressions. However, the language manifestation can not only demonstrate the social role of the interviewer, but also fulfill the basic function of the language - the meanings. Japanese language in this area has more prominent features. For example, Japanese, through certain words and expressions, can clearly show the relationship between the speaker and the speaker, as well as the internal and external relations, as well as the grasp of different times and space through the language of self. This article examines the basic vocabulary and expressions used by Japanese people to express these relationships through their language.