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近代气象科学是在18世纪、19世纪随着西方传教士的来华而传入中国的。徐家汇气象台为中国沿海首座天文台,最初为天主教徐家汇天文台事业的一部分,后因气象业务发展较快而独立。1873年2月,法国天主教会在徐家汇肇嘉浜西岸(原徐汇区第二中心小学南面)动工兴建天文台,同年9月完工。最初的天文台只是几间简陋的平房,1880年加高一层,并建起33米的木塔,塔顶装风向风速仪。随着气象业务的发展,1899年在徐光启墓东首(今上海市气象局)辟地建筑新台,两年后落成迁入,即后举世闻名的
Modern meteorological science came into China with the arrival of Western missionaries in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Xujiahui Meteorological Observatory is the first observatory on the Chinese coast and was originally part of the Xujiahui Observatory of Catholicism. It was later independent of the rapid development of meteorological services. In February 1873, the Catholic Church of France started construction of an observatory in the west bank of Zhaojiabang in Xujiahui (formerly south of Xuhui Second Central Primary School), and completed it in September the same year. The first observatory just a few simple cottage, 1880 heights, and the establishment of 33 meters of the wooden tower, tower mounted wind direction anemometer. With the development of meteorological business, a new platform was built in 1899 at the eastern end of Xu Guangqi’s tomb (now Shanghai Meteorological Bureau) and was completed two years later, becoming world famous