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[目的]为开发新的软骨多糖资源,对龙头鱼鱼骨进行多糖提取和理化性质分析。[方法]以龙头鱼鱼骨为材料,对其进行多糖的提取,并分析龙头鱼鱼骨多糖的理化性质、组分结构及其体外清除自由基的活性。[结果]试验表明,龙头鱼鱼骨中含有约3%的多糖。龙头鱼鱼骨多糖主要由葡萄糖组成,还含有少量的半乳糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖胺和阿拉伯糖,比例依次为为8.9∶1.0∶1.0∶1.5∶0.6;还含有5%的硫酸基团。龙头鱼鱼骨多糖为混合多糖,主要含3种组分,分子量分别为780、8和4 kD。通过红外光谱和甲基化分析表明,龙头鱼鱼骨多糖以α构型为主,主要连接方式为(1→4)-Glc及(1→2)-Glc,多分支结构,分支多发生在(1→4)-Glc的6位,还有2位和3位,分支的末端由Glc(1→、Gal(1→和Man(1→组成。此外,龙头鱼多糖具有一定的DPPH和脂质过氧化物的清除活性,半数清除浓度分别为2.35和2.09 mg/ml。[结论]研究可为龙头鱼资源的充分利用和多糖的进一步开发提供重要依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to develop a new cartilage polysaccharide resource for polysaccharides extraction and physicochemical properties analysis of tap fish bones. [Method] With the fishbone of fishes as raw material, the polysaccharide was extracted and the physicochemical properties, the component structure and the free radical scavenging activities in vitro were analyzed. [Result] The experiment showed that the fish head bone contains about 3% polysaccharide. Fish head fish bone polysaccharide mainly composed of glucose, but also contains a small amount of galactose, mannose, glucosamine and arabinose, the ratio was 8.9: 1.0: 1.0: 1.5: 0.6; also contains 5% sulfuric acid groups. Fish head bone fish polysaccharide polysaccharide, mainly containing three components, the molecular weight of 780,8 and 4 kD. Infrared spectroscopy and methylation analysis showed that the main fish fish bone polysaccharide α-configuration, the main connection (1 → 4) -Glc and (1 → 2) -Glc, multi-branched structure, the branch occurred in (1 → 4) -Glc, and the 2nd and 3rd positions, and the end of the branch is composed of Glc (1 →, Gal (1 → and Man (1 →) .In addition, faucet polysaccharide has some DPPH and lipid The scavenging activity and the half-value of the mass peroxides were 2.35 and 2.09 mg / ml, respectively. [Conclusion] The study could provide an important basis for the full utilization of forage fish resources and the further development of polysaccharides.