目的分析江苏扬中市儿童及老人的流感流行状况,为预防疾病和制定免疫策略提供依据。方法按照整群分层随机抽样的原则,于2013年9月采集扬中市下辖6个乡镇1 449名健康儿童及老人的静脉血,分离血清,采用微量血凝抑制(hemagglutination inhibition,HI)试验检测血清抗体。结果共采集血清1 449份,其中儿童组739份,老人组710份。H1N1、H3N2和B型3个型别抗体阳性率均在70%以上,抗体保护率分别为44.10%、31.88%和65.98%,抗体几何平均滴度(geometric mean titer,GMT)分别为1∶26.19、1∶18.00和1∶48.76。其中儿童组H1N1型抗体保护率达62.38%,抗体GMT为1∶41.48。结论 B型在儿童和老人中流行较广泛,是该部分人群的流感流行优势毒株。H1N1型在儿童中发生过流行,并已产生了相应抗体。在流感高发季节,对儿童及老人等重点人群进行流感疫苗的预防接种是必要的。 Objective To analyze the prevalence of influenza in children and the elderly in Yangzhong City, Jiangsu Province, and provide the basis for preventing diseases and developing immunization strategies. Methods According to the principle of stratified stratified random sampling, blood samples were collected from 1 449 healthy children and the elderly in 6 townships under the jurisdiction of Yangzhong City in September 2013. Serum samples were separated and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) Detection of serum antibodies. Results A total of 1 449 serum samples were collected, of which 739 were children and 710 were elderly. The positive rates of the three types of H1N1, H3N2 and B type antibodies were above 70%, the antibody protection rates were 44.10%, 31.88% and 65.98%, respectively. The geometric mean titer (GMT) of the antibodies were 1:26.19 , 1:18.00 and 1:48.76. The protection rate of H1N1 antibody in children group was 62.38%, the antibody GMT was 1:41.48. Conclusion Type B is more prevalent among children and the elderly, and is the prevalent strain of influenza in this group of people. The H1N1 type has been prevalent in children and has produced the corresponding antibodies. In flu season, it is necessary to vaccinate key populations such as children and the elderly against influenza vaccination.