思维定势是指人们用一种固定的思路和习惯去考虑问题,表现为人们思维的一种倾向性和专注性。它是一种思维的惯性,其积极的一面是有利于学生的连续学习,特别对知识迁移方面起了重要的作用。但它也有消极的一面,主要表现在习惯性思维上,容易产生负迁移作用,也会造成方法定型化、“先入为主”的情况,有时还会以“功能僵化”的形式反映出 Mindset refers to people thinking of a fixed way of thinking and habits to consider the problem, manifested as a tendency of people thinking and focus. It is a kind of inertia of thinking, and its positive aspect is to help students learn continuously, especially playing an important role in knowledge transfer. But it also has a negative side. It mainly manifests itself in habitual thinking and tends to have a negative transfer effect. It also causes the method to be finalized. The situation of “preconception” and sometimes “functional rigidity”