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溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO)在稻田氮素循环和水稻生长发育中发挥了重要作用,深入研究溶解氧对稻田氮素转化和水稻氮代谢的影响,对减少稻田氮素流失和提高水稻氮素利用具有重要意义。近年来,研究已阐明了溶解氧对土壤固氮作用、氨化作用、硝化作用和反硝化作用等生物化学过程以及土壤微生物多样性的影响;大量研究也表明,溶解氧在水稻氮素吸收与利用中起到了关键作用。本文系统介绍了溶解氧浓度对微生物群落结构和活性的影响及其与稻田不同形态氮素间转化的关系,综述了水稻根系生长特性、氮素吸收和同化及相关氨基酸代谢对溶解氧浓度响应机理的最新研究进展,并针对现阶段稻田氧营养研究提出了水稻生产中存在的问题及研究展望。
Dissolved oxygen (DO) plays an important role in nitrogen cycling and rice growth and development in paddy fields. In-depth study on the effects of dissolved oxygen on nitrogen transformation and nitrogen metabolism in paddy fields is of great importance to reducing nitrogen loss and increasing nitrogen Use is of great importance. In recent years, studies have elucidated the effects of dissolved oxygen on biochemical processes such as nitrogen fixation, ammonification, nitrification and denitrification, and soil microbial diversity. A large number of studies also show that dissolved oxygen plays an important role in nitrogen absorption and utilization in rice Has played a key role. This paper systematically introduced the effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on the structure and activity of microbial community and its relationship with the transformation of different forms of nitrogen in paddy fields. The growth characteristics, nitrogen uptake and assimilation and related amino acid metabolism responses to dissolved oxygen The current research advances in paddy field oxygen nutrition put forward the problems and prospects of rice production.