本文提出一种三维随机表面测量和表征的新方法。该方法包括:用轮廓仪测取几条不同方向的轮廓,由轮廓的统计参数得到表面的数学模型,并由模型产生出与原表面在统计意义上近似的模型表面,从而利用现有的测量手段,可以较方便地获取三维随机表面的信息。该方法还可用于表面形貌的润滑、接触和摩擦等的研究。 This paper presents a new method of 3D surface measurement and characterization. The method comprises the following steps of: measuring several profiles in different directions with a profiler, obtaining the mathematical model of the surface from the statistical parameters of the profile, and generating a model surface with a statistically similar relationship with the original surface by using the existing measurement Means, you can more easily access to three-dimensional random surface of the information. The method can also be used for surface morphology lubrication, contact and friction and so on.