石油资源的特殊性让早期的对外合作掣肘颇多。但是对外合作不仅开发了国内资源也为走出去锻炼了队伍。不同于较早进行的海上石油对外合作,陆上石油的对外合作工作直到20世纪80年代中期才正式开始。在经历了80年代摸索、准备和一定程度上的不成功之后,中国在90年代进行了三轮陆上石油国际招 The peculiarities of oil resources make early cooperation with foreign countries a lot of constraints. However, external cooperation has not only developed domestic resources but also tempered the ranks for going abroad. Unlike the earlier overseas cooperation on offshore oil, the overseas cooperation of onshore oil formally began only in the mid-1980s. After experiencing groping, preparation and to some extent unsuccessful in the 1980s, China conducted three rounds of international land-based oil recourses in the 1990s