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采用 5 0个自由度的货车 -轨道非线性耦合动力学模型 ,仿真计算了计入轨道弹性的典型空货车非线性蛇行运动规律 ,指出非线性蛇行运动存在着临界速度和转变速度 ,分别对应着蛇行运动的不同状态。研究了摇枕与侧架抗菱刚度、一系纵向刚度对非线性蛇行转变速度的影响。研究了不平顺对直线段货车脱轨稳定性的影响 ,结果表明波长 6～ 8m的方向不平顺和波长 4～ 6 m的高低不平顺引起较大的脱轨系数和减载率 ,使脱轨危险性增大。计算和测试结果在规律上具有很好的一致性 ,从车辆结构和轨道状态两个方面解释了直线段货车脱轨的原因
Based on the nonlinear coupling dynamics model of 50 trucks with orbit, the nonlinear motion of typical empty wagon loaded into orbit is simulated and the critical speed and transition speed of nonlinear empty wagon are pointed out, corresponding to Different state of the snake’s movement. The effects of the buckling stiffness of the bolster and the side frame on the nonlinear transformation speed were studied. The effect of irregularity on the derailment stability of straight-line freight cars was studied. The results show that the irregularity of the wavelength of 6 ~ 8m and the irregularity of 4 ~ 6m wavelength lead to large derailment coefficient and delamination rate, Big. Computation and test results are in good agreement with each other and the reasons for the derailment of straight-line freight cars are explained from the aspects of vehicle structure and track status