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哪些因素决定人们选择在公共部门工作?在此方面的研究结果一直存在争议。在本文中,我们利用26个国家的数据进行国际比较设计,来解释公共部门就业倾向。研究表明,在个体层面,公共服务动机和外在动机都是公共部门就业倾向的重要驱动因素。然而,内在动机与人们在公共部门工作倾向呈负相关。而且,低收入水平和低教育程度的人们更倾向于公共部门就业。这表明在公共部门工作被认为是不错的、安全的职业选择。我们的研究结果更进一步表明,这种就业倾向差异只能部分地由国家差异来解释。然而,公共就业有职业体制与职位体制之分,在实行职业体制的国家,人们更有可能选择公共部门就业。
What factors determine people choose to work in the public sector? The results of this research have been controversial. In this article, we use international comparison design data from 26 countries to explain public-sector employment propensities. Research shows that, at the individual level, both public service motivation and external motivation are important drivers of employment in the public sector. However, intrinsic motivation is negatively correlated with people's propensity to work in the public sector. Moreover, people with lower incomes and lower levels of education are more likely to be employed in the public sector. This shows that working in the public sector is considered a good, safe career choice. Our findings further suggest that this difference in employment propensities can only be partly explained by differences in countries. However, public employment has a distinction between occupational and occupational positions. In countries where the occupational system is practiced, people are more likely to choose public-sector employment.