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目的探讨基层慢性病防控人员职业紧张状况,为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法采用一般情况调查表和职业紧张量表(OSI-R)对黑龙江省880名基层慢性病防控人员进行调查分析,并用逐步回归方法分析职业紧张度的影响因素。结果慢性病防控人员普遍存在职业紧张现象,职业任务、体紧张反应和个体应对资源的问卷得分分别为188.36±25.26、101.19±18.46、和133.09±25.04,不同年龄、学历、职称、任职时间的慢性病防控人员之间OSI-R各项得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),个体紧张反映的主要影响因素有工作环境、任务界限不清、休闲、任务过重、任务不足和责任感。结论基层慢性病防控人员职业紧张水平处于中等偏上,改善工作环境,明确工作职责,鼓励适当休闲,增强心理支持是当今缓解职业紧张的有效措施。
Objective To investigate occupational stress in grassroots chronic disease prevention and control staff and provide basis for making relevant interventions. Methods A total of 880 grassroots chronic disease prevention and control personnel in Heilongjiang Province were surveyed using the General Survey and Occupational Stress Test (OSI-R), and the influencing factors of occupational stress were analyzed by stepwise regression. Results There was prevalence of occupational stress in chronic disease prevention and control staff. The questionnaire scores of occupational tasks, physical stress response and individual coping resources were 188.36 ± 25.26,101.19 ± 18.46 and 133.09 ± 25.04, respectively. Chronic diseases of different ages, qualifications, professional title and working time The scores of OSI-R among the prevention and control staff were statistically significant (P <0.05). The main factors affecting the individual nervousness were the working environment, unclear tasks, leisure, overwork, lack of tasks and responsibility. Conclusions The occupational stress level of grassroots chronic disease prevention and control personnel is at medium level. Improving working environment, clarifying job responsibilities, encouraging proper leisure and enhancing psychological support are effective measures to ease occupational stress.