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目的了解登革热流行病学特征,分析分离毒株E基因分子进化特征。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2013年广州市登革热疫情,采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)对登革热疑似病例血清进行抗体检测,阳性病例的急性期血清标本以C6/36细胞进行病毒分离培养;采用RT-PCR扩增分离毒株的E基因,并对扩增产物进行序列分析,应用MEGA 5.05进行进化特征分析。结果 2013年广州市累计报告登革热确诊病例1 270例,发病率为9.96/10万,以本地病例为主(占98.66%),输入病例以东南亚国家为主(占88.24%)。发病高峰为10-11月(占85.28%)。169份登革热病例急性期血清共分离48株登革病毒(Ⅰ型47株,Ⅱ型1株),与近年来广州、东南亚分离株高度同源。结论广州市登革热发病率呈上升趋势,暴发风险较大,须加强监测力度,强化蚊媒的控制,降低登革热传播风险。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever and analyze the molecular evolution characteristics of the E gene isolated from the isolates. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of dengue fever in Guangzhou in 2013. The serum samples of suspected cases of dengue fever were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The acute phase serum specimens of positive cases were isolated and cultured with C6 / 36 cells. The E gene of the isolate was amplified by RT-PCR, and the amplified product was sequenced. The evolutionary characteristics of MEGA 5.05 was analyzed. Results In 2013, a total of 1 270 cases of dengue fever were diagnosed in Guangzhou City. The incidence rate was 9.96 / 100 000, accounting mainly for the local cases (98.66%). The imported cases were mainly from Southeast Asian countries (88.24%). The peak incidence of 10-11 months (85.28%). A total of 169 dengue cases of acute phase sera were isolated from 48 strains of dengue virus (Ⅰ 47, Ⅱ 1), and in recent years, Guangzhou, Southeast Asia, highly homologous. Conclusion The incidence of dengue fever in Guangzhou is on the rise and the risk of outbreak is high. Monitoring efforts should be intensified to control mosquito vectors and reduce the risk of dengue fever.