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彩绘类文物一般包括基体、地仗层和颜料层,其中地仗层和颜料层之间通过胶结物质连接。目前对彩绘文物的分析主要集中于表层颜料分析、彩绘层与地仗层之间的胶结材料分析。偏光显微分析、拉曼光谱分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电镜-能谱分析是颜料分析较为常用的手段,这几种手段相互配合使用、相互印证,取得很好的效果。但是除了拉曼光谱分析法之外,其他方法只能对矿物颜料进行鉴别,这和该类仪器的工作原理有关。植物颜料和动物颜料的鉴别方法通常为传统的化学方法或其他方法,目前研究工作还在进行中。
Painted relics generally include the substrate, the battle layer and the pigment layer, in which the battle layer and the pigment layer by cementing material connection. At present, the analysis of painted artifacts mainly focuses on the analysis of surface paints, the analysis of the cemented materials between the painted layer and the battle layer. Polarimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy - energy spectrum analysis is a more commonly used means of pigment analysis, these means cooperate with each other, confirmed each other, and achieved good results. However, other than Raman spectroscopy, other methods can only identify mineral pigments, which is related to the working principle of such instruments. Plant pigment and animal pigment identification methods are usually traditional chemical methods or other methods, the current research work is still underway.