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白癜风常并发其他自身免疫性疾病,如自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(autoimmunne thyroid disease,AITD)、类风湿关节炎、1型糖尿病、恶性贫血、系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erthematosus,SLE)、艾迪生病、斑秃等,其中以AITD最多见,包括Graves病、慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎(桥本病)、亚急性甲状腺炎、甲状腺相关性眼病等,但有关白癜风并发AITD确切机制研究甚少。鉴于白癜风是一种多因素、多基因遗传性疾病,发病机制复杂,与遗传和各种非遗传因素相关,多数认为是由基因、环境和免疫系统的相互作用,导致共同的终末通路,即氧化应激-自身免疫介导的黑素细胞缺失,特别是非节段型白癜风(non-segmental vitiligo,NSV)。该文从白癜风的基因、自身免疫和氧化应激3个关联机制上综述、阐述其与AITD的关系。
Vitiligo often complicated by other autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE), Addison’s disease , Alopecia areata, of which the most common AITD, including Graves disease, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (Hashimoto’s disease), subacute thyroiditis, thyroid-related eye disease, but the exact mechanism of AITD complicated by vitiligo rarely studied. Given that vitiligo is a multifactorial, polygenic hereditary disease with a complex pathogenesis associated with heredity and various non-genetic factors, most are thought to be caused by the interaction of genes, the environment and the immune system, resulting in a common terminal pathway, namely Oxidative stress - autoimmunity-mediated loss of melanocytes, especially non-segmental vitiligo (NSV). This review summarizes three related mechanisms of vitiligo gene, autoimmunity and oxidative stress, and expounds its relationship with AITD.